Quote: Wellsy13 "I accept that, but my main point was that the player's momentum doesn't affect how far the ball moves. Newton's First Law.'"
Conservation of momentum trumps it. Plus there are plenty of forces acting on the ball - gravity, air resistance, the impetus given to it by the player's throw, etc.
If the player's momentum changes [iafter[/i he's released the ball then clearly that has no effect on the ball as at that point they're two separate systems. Sort of. Depending on how deep down the rabbit hole you want to go.
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